Mu rwego rwubwubatsi bwamashanyarazi, amashanyarazi afite uruhare runini mugutanga isoko ihamye kandi yizewe yingufu zamashanyarazi kubikoresho bitandukanye nibigize.Ubwoko bubiri bwingenzi bwamashanyarazi akoreshwa cyane ni amashanyarazi ashobora gukoreshwa hamwe nogutanga amashanyarazi.Nubwo byombi bikoreshwa mugutanga ingufu zamashanyarazi, ziratandukanye cyane mumikorere no mubikorwa.Reka turebe neza itandukaniro riri hagati yibi bikoresho byibanze.
Amashanyarazi agengwa nogutanga ingufu zitanga amashanyarazi ahoraho asohora voltage cyangwa amashanyarazi atitaye kumihindagurikire yumubyigano cyangwa umutwaro.Irabikora ukoresheje voltage stabilizing circuit, itunganya neza ibisohoka.Iyi mikorere itanga uburinzi buhebuje kubikoresho bya elegitoroniki byoroshye byangiza ibyago byatewe nihindagurika ryingufu zidahuye.Amashanyarazi ateganijwe akoreshwa mubikoresho bya elegitoronike bisaba gutanga amashanyarazi neza kandi ahamye, nka amplificateur amajwi, sisitemu ya mudasobwa, nibikoresho bitandukanye bya laboratoire.Zikoreshwa kandi mubushakashatsi niterambere kuko zishobora gutanga ibihe byukuri kandi bisubirwamo.
Ibikoresho bitanga ingufu, kurundi ruhande, byashizweho kugirango bitange ibintu byoroshye kandi bigenzurwe.Nkuko izina ribigaragaza, bashoboye gukora programu no guhindura ibisohoka voltage ninzego zubu ukurikije ibisabwa byihariye.Iyi programable ituma injeniyeri nabatekinisiye bigana ibintu bitandukanye byabayeho kandi bakagerageza imikorere yigikoresho mubihe bitandukanye.Mubyongeyeho, porogaramu zishobora gukoreshwa zishobora kugira ibintu byateye imbere nko kugenzura kure, kwemerera abakoresha guhindura igenamiterere no gukurikirana ibipimo bisohoka kure.Iyi mikorere irashobora kwerekana ko ari ingirakamaro cyane muburyo bugoye cyangwa ibizamini byo kugerageza aho uburyo butaziguye bwo kubona amashanyarazi budashoboka cyangwa umutekano.
Ubwoko butandukanye bwo gukoresha amashanyarazi ashobora gutegurwa ninyungu zabo zikomeye kurenza amashanyarazi yagenwe.Bafite porogaramu mu nganda nyinshi, zirimo itumanaho, icyogajuru, ibinyabiziga n’ingufu zishobora kubaho.Kurugero, murwego rwitumanaho, aho hakenewe kohereza amakuru yihuse kandi byihuse kandi birakenewe, ibikoresho byamashanyarazi bikoreshwa mugupima no kwemeza ibikoresho nka router, switch, hamwe nuburyo bwo gutumanaho.Bashoboza injeniyeri gupima ingufu zikoreshwa, gusuzuma imipaka yimikorere no kwemeza kubahiriza amahame yinganda.
Byongeye kandi, hamwe no kurushaho kwibanda ku mikorere y’ingufu no kongera ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu, amashanyarazi ashobora gukoreshwa afite uruhare runini mugutezimbere no kugerageza amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba (PV).Bemerera abajenjeri kwigana imirasire itandukanye yizuba, kugerageza imikorere ningufu ntarengwa zikurikirana za moderi ya PV, no kwemeza gukoresha ingufu zizuba.
Nubwo amashanyarazi yagenwe hamwe nibishobora gukoreshwa byombi bitanga intego yo gutanga amashanyarazi, hariho itandukaniro rikomeye mumikorere yabo no mubikorwa.Amashanyarazi ateganijwe atanga imbaraga zihoraho kandi zihamye ziva mumashanyarazi cyangwa amashanyarazi, bigatuma akoreshwa mubikoresho bya elegitoroniki byoroshye.Ku rundi ruhande, amashanyarazi ashobora gutangwa, atanga uburyo bworoshye bwo guhinduka, kwemerera porogaramu n'ubushobozi bwo kugenzura kure, bigatuma biba byiza gukoreshwa mu nganda zitandukanye.Waba ukeneye gutekana neza cyangwa ubushobozi bwo kwigana ibintu byinshi, guhitamo hagati yabyo bizaterwa nibisabwa byihariye hamwe nibisabwa.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-14-2023